Accounts of the damiergoi

Bibliography

Oliverio, 1932-1933 Oliverio, G., 1932-1933, Documenti antichi dell'Africa Italiana, I, fasc. 1-2, Bergamo - see in bibliography , p. 137, n. 36, whence SEG Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Leiden, then Amsterdam, 1923-1971, then 1979- - see in bibliography , 9.37 and Oliverio, 1932-1933 Oliverio, G., 1932-1933, Documenti antichi dell'Africa Italiana, I, fasc. 1-2, Bergamo - see in bibliography , pp. 139-141, n. 40, whence SEG Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Leiden, then Amsterdam, 1923-1971, then 1979- - see in bibliography , 9.41; joined by Marengo, 1991 Marengo, S.M., 1991, Sacerdoti di Apollo a Cirene. Nuove letture di iscrizioni già note, Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Università di Macerata (AFLM)24, 489-512 - see in bibliography , pp. 490-495, n. 1, whence SEG Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Leiden, then Amsterdam, 1923-1971, then 1979- - see in bibliography , 41.1691 and Dobias-Lalou, Bulletin Épigraphique Dobias-Lalou, C.Bulletin Épigraphique in Études Grecques (REG)1987- - see in bibliography , 1992.584; Dobias-Lalou, 2000 Dobias-Lalou, C., 2000, Le dialecte des inscriptions grecques de Cyrène, Karthago25, Paris - see in bibliography , pp. 15-16 and 202-203, whence SEG Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Leiden, then Amsterdam, 1923-1971, then 1979- - see in bibliography , 50.1637; Rosamilia, 2016 Rosamilia, E., 2016, Numismatica e documentazione epigrafica: i piedi monetali e l'introduzione del "bronze standard" a Cirene, in M. Asolati, Le monete di Cirene e della Cirenaica nel Mediterraneo: problemi e prospettive. Atti del V Congresso Internazionale di Numismatica e di Storia Monetaria. Padova, 17-19 marzo 2016, Numismatica Patavina13, 83-100 - see in bibliography , pp. 88-92; Rosamilia, 2017 Rosamilia, E., 2017, The introduction of Bronze Standard in Cyrenaica: Evidence from the Damiergoi Accounts, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), 201, 139-154 - see in bibliography ; Dobias-Lalou, 2017 Dobias-Lalou, C., 2017, Dire et écrire les noms en Cyrénaïque: quelques réflexions, in Inglese, A., Epigrammata 4. L'uso dei numeri greci nelle iscrizionie. Atti del Convegno Roma, 16-17 dicembre 2016, Tivoli, 183-208 - see in bibliography , pp. 192-194; ; for general bibliography on the accounts of the damiergoi see IGCyr011400.

Text

Apparatus

1-5 (Lines 1 to 5 from fragment b were joined to fragment a by Marengo)

4 Κ[ρ?]|ησίλ̣[α] : Marengo, 1991 Marengo, S.M., 1991, Sacerdoti di Apollo a Cirene. Nuove letture di iscrizioni già note, Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Università di Macerata (AFLM)24, 489-512 - see in bibliography  Ἡ̣[γ]ησία̣ : Dobias-Lalou, Bulletin Épigraphique Dobias-Lalou, C.Bulletin Épigraphique in Études Grecques (REG)1987- - see in bibliography  Κ[λ]ησιά[νακτος?]

6 Ε|[.]  λ also consonant with α ι̣[---]  : Oliverio, 1932-1933 Oliverio, G., 1932-1933, Documenti antichi dell'Africa Italiana, I, fasc. 1-2, Bergamo - see in bibliography  [Δα?]ιλέ[οντος] (taking into account only fragment b) : Marengo, 1991 Marengo, S.M., 1991, Sacerdoti di Apollo a Cirene. Nuove letture di iscrizioni già note, Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Università di Macerata (AFLM)24, 489-512 - see in bibliography  Ε|[ὐ?]κ̣λ̣ε̣[ίδα?]

a.9 π͡υρ(ῶν) : Oliverio, 1932-1933 Oliverio, G., 1932-1933, Documenti antichi dell'Africa Italiana, I, fasc. 1-2, Bergamo - see in bibliography  π͡υ(ρῶν)

b.8-23 (these lines are now lost)

b.20 Dobias-Lalou, 2000 Dobias-Lalou, C., 2000, Le dialecte des inscriptions grecques de Cyrène, Karthago25, Paris - see in bibliography  σ͡μ(ιρεύς) : Oliverio, 1932-1933 Oliverio, G., 1932-1933, Documenti antichi dell'Africa Italiana, I, fasc. 1-2, Bergamo - see in bibliography  μ͡ετ(ρετής)

French translation

Dieux. Prêtre Hagèsistratos fils de P [---] . Etant démiurges Aristippos fils de Krèsilas, Theudôros fils d'Eubatas, Eukleidas fils d'E [---] , les récoltes ont été estimées.

Premier semestre: froment, le médimne, 5 drachmes; orge, 2 drachmes 1/2; fèves, 5 drachmes; pois chiches, 5 drachmes; lentilles, 7 drachmes; autres légumes, 3 drachmes; cumin, 7 drachmes; amandes à coque tendre, 15 drachmes; à coque dure, [tant; huile, le smireus , tant; vin, tant; figues, le talent, tant; raisin sec, tant; ail, le talent, tant; oignons, tant; foin cultivé, la charretée, tant; sauvage, tant; paille, le filet, tant.]

[Second semestre: froment, le médimne, tant; orge, tant; fèves, tant; pois chiches, tant; lentilles, tant; autres] légumes, 3 drachmes; cumin, 8 drachmes; amandes à coque tendre, 15 drachmes; à coque dure, 6 drachmes; huile, le smireus , 8 drachmes; vin, 7 drachmes; figues, le talent, 6 drachmes; raisin sec, 7 drachmes; ail, le talent, 8 drachmes; oignons, 4 drachmes; foin cultivé, la charretée, 40 drachmes; sauvage, 20 drachmes; paille, le filet, 10 drachmes.

Recette totale de l'année: 4234 drachmes. Dépenses totales de l'année: 17 204 drachmes 4 oboles. Rétribution pour les démiurges: 500 drachmes.

English translation

Gods. Priest Hagesistratos son of P [---] . Being damiergoi Aristippos son of Kresilas, Theudoros son of Eubatas, Eukleidas son of E [---] , the crops were estimated.

First semester: wheat, per medimnos, 5 drachmas; barley, 2 drachmas 1/2; beans, 5 drachmas; chick peas, 5 drachmas; lentils, 7 drachmas; other pulse, 3 drachmas; cumin, 7 drachmas; almonds with soft shells, 15 drachmas; with hard shells, [so much; oil, per smireus , so much; wine, so much; figs, per talent, so much; raisin, so much; garlic, per talent, so much; onions, so much; cultivated hay, per cartload, so much; wild, so much; straw, per net, so much.]

[Second semester: wheat, per medimnos, so much; barley, so much; beans, so much; chick peas, so much; lentils, so much; other ] pulse, 3 drachmas; cumin, 8 drachmas; almonds with soft shells, 15 drachmas; with hard shells, 6 drachmas; oil, per smireus , 8 drachmas; wine, 7 drachmas; figs, per talent, 6 drachmas; raisin, 7 drachmas; garlic, per talent, 8 drachmas; onions, 4 drachmas; cultivated hay, per cartload, 40 drachmas; wild, 20 drachmas; straw, per net, 10 drachmas.

Total income of the year: 4234 drachmas. Total expense of the year: 17 204 drachmas 4 obols. Allowance for the damiergoi: 500 drachmas.

Italian translation

Dèi. Sacerdote Hagesistratos figlio di P [---] . Quando erano damiurghi Aristippos figlio di Kresilas, Theudoros figlio di Eubatas, Eukleidas figlio di E [---] , i raccolti sono stati valutati.

Primo semestre: grano, per medimno, 5 dracme; orzo, 2 dracme 1/2; fave, 5 dracme; ceci, 5 dracme; lenticchie, 7 dracme; altri legumi, 3 dracme; cumino, 7 dracme; mandorle a guscio tenero, 15 dracme; a guscio duro, [tanto; olio, per smireus , tanto; vino, tanto; fichi, per talento, tanto; uva passa, anto; aglio, per talento, tanto; cipolle, tanto; fieno coltivato, per carro, tanto; selvatico, tanto; paglia, per rete, tanto.]

[Secondo semestre: grano, per medimno, tanto; orzo, tanto; fave, tanto; ceci, tanto; lenticchie, tanto; altri ] legumi, 3 dracme; cumino, 8 dracme; mandorle a guscio tenero, 15 dracme; a guscio duro, 6 dracme; olio, per smireus , 8 dracme; vino, 7 dracme; fichi, per talento, 6 dracme; uva passa, 7 dracme; aglio, per talento, 8 dracme; cipolle, 4 dracme; fieno coltivato, per carro, 40 dracme; selvatico, 20 dracme; paglia, per rete, 10 dracme.

Entrata totale dell'anno: 4234 dracme. Uscita totale dell'anno: 17 204 dracme 4 oboli. Retribuzione per i damiurghi: 500 dracme.

Arabic translation

الآلهة. فترة الكاهن اجيسيستراتوس بن ب [---] وكل من الداميرغوي أريستيبوس بن كريسيلاس وثيودوروس بن يوباتاس، يوكليداس بن إي [---]، تم تقدير المحاصيل كالتالي: الفصل الأول: القمح، لكل ميديمنوس، 5 دراخما؛ الشعير، ½2 دراخما؛ الفول، 5 دراخما؛ الحمص، 5 دراخما؛ العدس، 7 دراخما؛ بقوليات أخرى، 3 دراخما؛ الكمون، 7 دراخما؛ اللوز ذو القشور الهشة، 15 دراخما؛ ذو القشور الصلبة، [قيمة ما؛ الزيت، لكل سميريوس، قيمة ما؛ والنبيذ، قيمة ما؛ التين، لكل تالنت، قيمة ما؛ الزبيب، قيمة ما. الثوم، لكل تالنت، قيمة ما؛ البصل، قيمة ما؛ التبن المزروع، لكل حمولة عربة، قيمة ما؛ التبن البري، قيمة ما؛ القش (الناتج عن درس الحبوب)، لكل شبكة، قيمة ما. الفصل الثاني: القمح، لكل ميديمنوس، قيمة ما؛ الشعير، قيمة ما؛ الفول، قيمة ما؛ الحمص، قيمة ما؛ العدس، قيمة ما؛ أخرى] بقوليات، 3 دراخما؛ الكمون، 8 دراخما؛ اللوز ذو القشور الهشة، 15 دراخما؛ ذو القشور الهشة الصلبه، 6 دراخما. الزيت، لكل سميريوس، 8 دراخما؛ النبيذ، 7 دراخما؛ التين، لكل تالنت، 6 دراخما؛ الزبيب، 7 دراخما؛ الثوم، لكل تالنت، 8 دراخما؛ البصل، 4 دراخما؛ التبن المزروع، لكل حمولة عربة، 40 دراخما؛ التبن البري، 20 دراخما؛ القش (الناتج عن درس الحبوب)، للشبكة الواحدة، 10 دراخما. إجمالي دخل السنة: 4234 دراخما. مجموع مصروفات السنة: 204 17 دراخما 4 أوبول. تعطى للداميرجوي: 500 دراخما.

Commentary

Marengo's joining produced the name of the priest and the first letter of his father's name. A second letter may be added from IGCyr095150.

At line 6, Marengo tentatively proposed to restore the father's name as Eukleidas, on the basis of very faint traces of letters seen on the photograph. In fact, the study of the stone does not confirm either her reading nor Oliverio's one. So it seems better to leave the question open.

The layout of lines 8-29 in two columns has allowed to restore the products and measures in column i for ll. 19-29 and in column ii for ll. 8-13, whereas the missing prices, which might have changed from one semester to the other, should not be restored.

This account belongs to the series where all amounts of money are reckoned in drachmas and noted with the alphabetic system. Hence the use of ligatures combining Μ for 10000 and 𐅦 for 1000 with alpha to theta for 1 to 9 above them. This use of the parakuisma is well attested in Cyrenaican inscriptions in the third and second century B.C. and in other regions, as well as on papyri.

E. Rosamilia ( Rosamilia, 2016 Rosamilia, E., 2016, Numismatica e documentazione epigrafica: i piedi monetali e l'introduzione del "bronze standard" a Cirene, in M. Asolati, Le monete di Cirene e della Cirenaica nel Mediterraneo: problemi e prospettive. Atti del V Congresso Internazionale di Numismatica e di Storia Monetaria. Padova, 17-19 marzo 2016, Numismatica Patavina13, 83-100 - see in bibliography ) has shown that the change from silver standard to bronze standard took place in Cyrenaica about 220 B.C. and he was also able ( Rosamilia, 2017 Rosamilia, E., 2017, The introduction of Bronze Standard in Cyrenaica: Evidence from the Damiergoi Accounts, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), 201, 139-154 - see in bibliography ) to place this account before 180 B.C., together with IGCyr014000, IGCyr014200 and IGCyr014600, which have also in common the use of abbreviated forms for the names of some products. At lines 10 and 31 the glyph 𐅵, otherwise unknown in Cyrenaica has probably the same value as in the papyri: a half drachma. The smaller fraction noted through - at l. 31 should therefore be 1 obol: the Cyrenaean drachma being at the time divided into 6 obols the addition of 3 + 1 would be fitting. See Dobias-Lalou, 2017 Dobias-Lalou, C., 2017, Dire et écrire les noms en Cyrénaïque: quelques réflexions, in Inglese, A., Epigrammata 4. L'uso dei numeri greci nelle iscrizionie. Atti del Convegno Roma, 16-17 dicembre 2016, Tivoli, 183-208 - see in bibliography against Oliverio's previous theory and for a possible origin of this glyph.

In this account, like in IGCyr014100, there is no 'remainder' and the income is less than the expense. It might be that what is here called 'income' would be net income, thus in fact what older accounts give as 'remainder'.

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